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HOLANDA, PAÍS CAFETERO
HOLLAND, A COUNTRY OF COFFEE LOVERS
18.11.2011
Holanda es uno de los países que más ha contribuido a la difusión y comercialización del café en Europa
Holland is one of the countries that has contributed most to the spread and popularisation of coffee in Europe.
Holanda se encuentra entre los países con mayor consumo de café de la Unión Europea. Aunque sus vecinos del Norte, los países escandinavos, protagonizan los primeros puestos, con 9 kg. por persona y año de Finlandia a la cabeza, los holandeses les siguen de cerca con 7 kg./persona/año.
Ya en el S. XVII, cuando los neerlandeses tomaron posesión del Puerto de Moka, actual Yemen, se interesaron por esta infusión. Tanto es así, que decidieron llevarse varias muestras de cafeto y cultivarlas en pequeñas cantidades en el Jardín Botánico de Ámsterdam. Más tarde, en ese mismo siglo, continuaron con plantaciones en grandes dimensiones en sus colonias de India, Java y Oceanía, realizando modificaciones que dieron origen a las variaciones de Typica y Java, entre otras.
No cuesta mucho entender la tradición cafetera de un país que se convirtió en tan poco tiempo en el proveedor más importante del viejo continente. La climatología de la zona también contribuye a que la infusión del fruto cafeto se haya convertido en un acto social para los ciudadanos holandeses. Los encuentros, denominados eventos con gezelling (encanto en holandés), se realizan mayoritariamente en casa y constituyen un claro punto de encuentro y reunión entre amigos que disfrutan de una aromática taza de café acompañada siempre de los dulces típicos del país.
Poco a poco esta tendencia está evolucionando hacia la calle, las cafeterías y los bares. El consumo de café está tan influida por el entorno que los holandeses han ampliado incluso su consumo a cualquier hora del día, extendiéndose a la noche, y empiezan a decantarse por su preparación en cafeteras expresso, obteniendo con ello un café más fuerte, como el que acostumbramos a tomar en Italia o España.
The Dutch are among the biggest consumers of coffee in the European Union. Although their northern neighbours, the Scandinavian countries, head up the list of coffee consumers, and Finland is the front-runner with 9 kg. per person per year, Holland is not far behind: the average consumption here is 7 kg. per person per year.
The Dutch first became interested in this drink in the 17th century when they took possession of the Port of Mocha in present day Yemen. They took samples of the coffee plant back to Holland to be studied and grown in Amsterdam’s Botanical Garden. Later in the same century they began to establish large scale coffee plantations in some of their other colonies in India, Java and Oceania, producing the Typica and Java varieties of coffee beans, among others.
Holland soon became the main supplier of coffee to the Old Continent and it is therefore easy to see why the tradition of coffee drinking is well established. The weather in Holland is also a contributing factor: people organise get-togethers in each others’ homes where they share a cup of aromatic coffee accompanied by typical Dutch cakes; these meetings have “gezellig”, a peculiar Dutch term that means “charm” or “nice feeling”.
Today these meetings tend to take place also in cafés and bars. Indeed, the taste for coffee is still growing in Holland today and it is now drunk at all times of day, even at night time. Another modern tendency is that the use of “espresso” coffee makers has become more widespread and so people often drink stronger coffee, more similar to the type that is consumed in Spain and Italy.
The Dutch first became interested in this drink in the 17th century when they took possession of the Port of Mocha in present day Yemen. They took samples of the coffee plant back to Holland to be studied and grown in Amsterdam’s Botanical Garden. Later in the same century they began to establish large scale coffee plantations in some of their other colonies in India, Java and Oceania, producing the Typica and Java varieties of coffee beans, among others.
Holland soon became the main supplier of coffee to the Old Continent and it is therefore easy to see why the tradition of coffee drinking is well established. The weather in Holland is also a contributing factor: people organise get-togethers in each others’ homes where they share a cup of aromatic coffee accompanied by typical Dutch cakes; these meetings have “gezellig”, a peculiar Dutch term that means “charm” or “nice feeling”.
Today these meetings tend to take place also in cafés and bars. Indeed, the taste for coffee is still growing in Holland today and it is now drunk at all times of day, even at night time. Another modern tendency is that the use of “espresso” coffee makers has become more widespread and so people often drink stronger coffee, more similar to the type that is consumed in Spain and Italy.
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